Atomic structure and the periodic table

Senior High 6 questions

What atomic structure and the periodic table means

You learn how atoms are built from smaller particles and how the periodic table is organised. This helps you answer questions on charge, atomic number, and why elements in the same group behave in similar ways.

What you will practise

Identify protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom
Use atomic number to find the number of protons
Match group number with outer electrons
Choose the correct particle from simple atom questions

Before you start

You should already know basic particle ideas and simple counting. It also helps to understand that elements are arranged in the periodic table.

Not confident yet? Work through Cells and diffusion first.

Worked example

One question from this skill's own question bank, shown with its full working.

Question

The particle with a positive charge in an atom is the:

electron
proton
neutron
ion

Answer: proton

Working: Protons carry a positive charge in the nucleus.

Common mistakes to avoid

Mixing up protons and electrons; remember protons are positive and electrons are negative.
Using mass number instead of atomic number; atomic number gives the number of protons.
Thinking group number means total electrons; it usually shows outer electrons for main groups.
Ignoring the nucleus; protons are found in the nucleus, not outside it.

Curriculum and exam alignment

Ghana GES SHS syllabusWASSCE

This topic normally appears in SHS 1 to SHS 3 introductory Integrated Science work on atomic theory and the periodic table. It supports WASSCE-style questions that test basic facts, definitions, and simple comparisons.

Curriculum notes are a general guide to where this work normally sits. Always check the syllabus your school or examination body is currently using.

Related skills

Other SHS Integrated Science Foundations skills in Science, at the same point in the course.

Cells and diffusionSHS

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All Science skills

Practise atomic structure and the periodic table

6 questions with a worked answer after every attempt, and a SmartScore that tracks how close you are to mastery.

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