Add and subtract fractions

Upper Primary 8 questions

What add and subtract fractions means

You learn how to combine fractions by using the same denominator or by changing them to a common denominator first. This helps you work out answers for classwork, tests and everyday sharing problems with accuracy.

What you will practise

Add fractions with the same denominator correctly
Subtract fractions with the same denominator
Find a common denominator for unlike fractions
Convert fractions before adding or subtracting
Simplify answers when the fraction can be reduced

Before you start

You should already know numerators and denominators. You should also be able to simplify fractions and find common multiples in simple cases.

Not confident yet? Work through Simplify fractions first.

Worked example

One question from this skill's own question bank, shown with its full working.

Question

What is 1/4 + 2/4?

Answer: 3/4

Working: Same denominators: add the numerators, 1 + 2 = 3, giving 3/4.

Common mistakes to avoid

Adding the denominators as well as the numerators. Keep the denominator the same unless you first change both fractions.
Forgetting to make both fractions alike before combining them. Use a common denominator when the denominators are different.
Stopping with an unsimplified answer such as 3/6. Check whether the fraction can be reduced to its simplest form.
Mixing up addition and subtraction signs. Read the question carefully before you calculate.

Curriculum and exam alignment

Ghana GES Basic 4 to 6 syllabusGroundwork for the BECE

This work normally appears in Upper Primary as part of fractions and number skills. It supports school-based assessment and builds the fraction fluency needed for the groundwork for the BECE.

Curriculum notes are a general guide to where this work normally sits. Always check the syllabus your school or examination body is currently using.